DNA purification is an incredibly common and essential procedure in molecular biology. The aim of DNA purification is the separation of the desired genetic material, chromosomal materials from the contaminant (proteins, cell membranes, and RNA). This is an essential process in nearly every molecular procedure and must be done correctly in order to produce top-quality, usable DNA.

There are many various methods for DNA purification, the choice of which depends on several factors, including the starting materials and downstream applications along with cost and time http://www.mpsciences.com/2021/04/08/different-types-of-pcr-reagents/ constraints. Typical genomic and plasmid DNA purification techniques include chemical treatment, enzymatic digestion, or mechanical disruption of tissue/cell samples followed by salting out of the proteins and the precipitation of DNA using ethanol.

Ethanol precipitation can be described as a simple cost-effective and quick method for desalting and concentration of DNA. DNA molecules form aggregates when they are in the presence of monovalent cations like sodium and are then precipitated out of solution with large amounts of ethanol. This technique is used to remove salts, organic compounds, and other impurities. It is frequently used with other purification methods.

Another method that is popular for DNA purification is anion exchange chromatography. The interaction between the negatively-charged DNA phosphate phosphate backbones, as well as the positively charged surface molecules of resins binds DNA in a solvent to positively-charged resins. During the binding steps removal of contaminants is accomplished the use of a rigorous washing process. The DNA purified is eluted using low-salt conditions.